IHP 525 Module Four Problem Set !
1. Pediatric asthma survey, n = 50. Suppose that asthma affects 1 in 20 children in a population. You take an SRS of 50 children from this population. Can the normal approximation to the binomial be applied under these conditions? If not, what probability model can be used to describe the sampling variability of the number of asthmatics?
2. Misconceived hypotheses. What is wrong with each of the following hypothesis statements?
a) H0: μ = 100 vs. Ha: μ ≠ 110
b) H0: x? = 100 vs. Ha: x? < 100 or could write as H0: x? >= 100 vs. Ha: x? < 100
c) H0: p^ = 0.50 vs. Ha: p^ ≠ 0.50
3. Patient satisfaction. Scores derived from a patient satisfaction survey are Normally distributed with μ = 50 and σ = 7.5, with high scores indicating high satisfaction. An SRS of n = 36 is taken from this population.
a) What is the standard error (SE) of x for these data?
b) We seek to discover if a particular group of patients comes from this population in which μ = 50. Sketch the curve that describes the sampling distribution of the sample mean under the null hypothesis. Mark the horizontal axis with values that are ±1, ±2, and ±3 standard errors above and below the mean.
c) Suppose in a sample of n = 36 from this particular group of patients the mean value of x is 48.8. Mark this finding on the horizontal axis of your sketch. Then compute a z statistic for this scenario and make sure it matches your sketch.
d) What is the two-sided alternative hypothesis for this scenario?
e) Find the corresponding p-value for your z-statistic using Table B.
f) Draw a conclusion for this study scenario based on your results.
“The Merchant of Venice” by William Shakespeare is a complex play that offers many topics for students of literature to explore. Here are a few potential topics with examples and references:
The portrayal of Shylock: One of the most controversial characters in the play is Shylock, a Jewish moneylender who seeks revenge on the Christian merchant Antonio. Some argue that Shakespeare’s portrayal of Shylock is anti-Semitic, while others argue that it is a nuanced and sympathetic depiction of a complex character. Examples of essays on this topic include “Shakespeare and the Jews” by James Shapiro (reference 1), “Shylock, the Jew: A Character Analysis” by John Ruszkiewicz (reference 2), and “Shylock’s Nation” by Harold Bloom (reference 3).
The theme of justice: The play explores the concept of justice, both in the legal sense and in terms of moral and ethical obligations. Antonio is punished for defaulting on his loan to Shylock, while Shylock is punished for seeking revenge against Antonio. Some argue that the play upholds traditional notions of justice, while others argue that it subverts them. Examples of essays on this topic include “The Merchant of Venice and the Possibilities of Historical Criticism” by Michael Bristol (reference 4), “The Merchant of Venice: Shakespeare’s Response to Justice” by Michael J. Strachan (reference 5), and “Portia’s Rings: Legal Realism in The Merchant of Venice” by Richard H. Weisberg (reference 6).
The role of women: The play features two prominent female characters, Portia and Jessica, who both challenge traditional gender roles in different ways. Portia disguises herself as a man to defend Antonio in court, while Jessica elopes with Lorenzo and converts to Christianity. Essays on this topic might examine how the play portrays women’s agency and autonomy, as well as the limitations placed on them by patriarchal society. Examples of essays on this topic include “The Role of Women in the Renaissance” by Michelle LeMaster (reference 7), “Portia’s Ring and the Drama of Self-Determination” by Katharine Eisaman Maus (reference 8), and “Jessica’s Abduction and Portia’s Wedding: Reconsidering The Merchant of Venice” by Dympna Callaghan (reference 9).
References:
Shapiro, James. “Shakespeare and the Jews.” Columbia University Press, 1996.
Ruszkiewicz, John. “Shylock, the Jew: A Character Analysis.” The Merchant of Venice: Critical Essays, edited by John W. Mahon and Ellen Macleod Mahon, Routledge, 2015, pp. 45-58.
Bloom, Harold. “Shylock’s Nation.” Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human, Riverhead Books, 1998, pp. 608-626.
Bristol, Michael. “The Merchant of Venice and the Possibilities of Historical Criticism.” Shakespeare Quarterly, vol. 45, no. 3, 1994, pp. 257-270.
Strachan, Michael J. “The Merchant of Venice: Shakespeare’s Response to Justice.” Journal of Legal History, vol. 35, no. 1, 2014, pp. 50-67.
Weisberg, Richard H. “Portia’s Rings: Legal Realism in The Merchant of Venice.” Law and Literature, vol. 22, no. 3, 2010, pp. 352-369.
LeMaster, Michelle. “The Role of Women in the Renaissance.” Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2018.
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